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Observations from the ALMA telescope reveal the chemical composition of gas and ice in the planet-forming disks surrounding the stars HD 100546 and IRS 48. By measuring the ratios of water, methanol, and methyl formate, researchers have gained new insights into how these building blocks of planets evolve during the intermediate stages of star formation....

The classical Be star HD 120678 exhibits unique brightness variations caused by a disk of gas being gravitationally tilted by a companion star. This process, known as a heartbeat disk, creates significant photometric changes that differ from the typical behavior of other Be stars. The findings suggest that the disk orientation changes periodically, causing the star to appear differently from our perspective over time....

Researchers have used high-precision radial velocity measurements to analyze solar-like oscillations in two orange dwarf stars, Gliese 570 A and Gliese 783 A. The data reveals that these stars exhibit a steeper oscillation amplitude scaling than current theoretical models predict, highlighting a significant gap in our understanding of how energy moves through the outer layers of these types of stars....

WISE 0855 is the coldest brown dwarf known, with a temperature of approximately 265 Kelvin. Recent observations using the James Webb Space Telescope reveal that this cool object possesses patchy water clouds and undergoes significant chemical changes in its atmosphere. These findings help clarify the complex weather patterns occurring on substellar objects that bridge the gap between giant planets and stars....

Analysis of host stars reveals that the hot Jupiter TOI-5322 b belongs to the ancient, chemically distinct thick disk population of the Milky Way. By comparing stars across different galactic regions, researchers identified key differences in the mass and orbital periods of giant planets depending on their home environment, providing new insight into how these planetary systems evolve over billions of years....

While white dwarf stars generally appear white to the human eye, their unique atmospheric conditions can create unexpected colors. By studying how chemical composition affects their light, researchers have shown that these stellar remnants can display hues including green, yellow, pink, and purple. This analysis confirms that while average white dwarfs remain true to their name, their chemistry allows for visual diversity....

Close-in giant planets often deform due to the intense gravity of their host stars. By measuring these physical distortions, researchers can gain insights into the interior density of these worlds. A new method identifies WASP-33 b, WASP-76 b, and HAT-P-32 b as the best candidates for future observations with the JWST and Ariel telescopes to map their internal structures using their orbital phase curves....

A new analytical approach reveals distinct atmospheric differences between the leading and trailing edges of the exoplanet WASP-94 A b. By measuring small shifts in transit timing, researchers have successfully characterized the planet's temperature gradient and chemical composition, including the presence of water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide on its evening side....

An analysis of 268 stars reveals new hot Jupiter planets orbiting within the Milky Way's ancient thick disk. These systems, over 8 billion years old, show key differences in planet mass and orbital distance compared to planets in the younger thin disk. These findings suggest that the galactic environment influences how massive gas giant planets form and evolve over vast timescales....