Lava planets

Lava planets are rocky worlds that orbit extremely close to their host star—far closer than Mercury is to the Sun. Their orbital periods last just a few hours or days. Due to intense stellar radiation, surface temperatures reach thousands of degrees Celsius, melting solid rock into oceans of molten magma. These planets are often tidally locked: one side faces the scorching star perpetually, while the far side remains in dark cold. The massive temperature contrast and intense tidal forces caused by the star’s gravity fracture the planet’s crust, driving extreme volcanism and evaporating rocks on the dayside.