How mountains and plateaus may prevent atmospheric collapse on rocky exoplanets

Star system: TRAPPIST-1 | Distance from the Sun: 40.7 light years

A new study reveals that the surface terrain of rocky planets orbiting M-dwarf stars plays a crucial role in their climate and habitability. These planets are often tidally locked, meaning one side always faces the star while the other remains in darkness. 

Researchers found that steep mountains and high plateaus create stationary atmospheric waves that disrupt air circulation. This process strengthens winds that carry moisture to the cold nightside, leading to increased cloud formation. These clouds act like a greenhouse blanket, warming the dark side and preventing the atmosphere from freezing out into permanent ice, which could make these distant worlds more hospitable than previously thought.

Scientific study

Topography-Induced Stationary Waves and the Onset of Nightside Warming on Rocky Planets around M-dwarf Stars (external link)