Liste des Étoiles les plus proches | Catalogue étoile

Liste des etoile

        Notre galaxie, la Voie lactée, abrite des milliards d'étoiles, des plus massives et brillantes aux plus faibles vestiges stellaires. Certaines étoiles sont isolées, tandis que beaucoup font partie de systèmes binaires ou multiples. Cette page présente une liste des étoiles les plus proches du Système solaire, permettant de cartographier notre voisinage stellaire et de comprendre la diversité des étoiles qui nous sont les plus proches.

La liste peut être filtrée par catégorie stellaire, ce qui vous permet d'explorer des types d'étoiles spécifiques comme les naines rouges, les étoiles semblables au Soleil, les naines blanches ou les naines brunes. Cette vue flexible facilite la comparaison de différentes populations stellaires et la concentration sur les objets d'intérêt. Bien que l'accent soit mis principalement sur les étoiles proches, le catalogue s'étend également au-delà de notre voisinage immédiat, offrant une perspective plus large sur les types d'étoiles au sein de notre galaxie.

	Mass	Distance
Sol Sol, Helios, Slunce, Sun, Sonne, солнце, Soleil	G2V	1 M☉	0 ly
Alpha Centauri Gliese 559, FK5 538, CD−60°5483, CCDM J14396-6050, GC 19728, α Cen A, Rigil Kentaurus, Rigil Kent, α1 Centauri, HR 5459, HD 128620, GCTP 3309.00, LHS 50, SAO 252838, HIP 71683, alf Cen A	G2V	1.1 M☉	4.4 ly
Barnard star GCTP 4098.00, Gl 140-024, Gliese 699, GJ 699, HIC 87937, HIP 87937, LFT 1385, LHS 57, LTT 15309, Munich 15040, Proxima Ophiuchi, V2500 Ophiuchi, Velox Barnardi, Vyssotsky 799	M4 V	0.14 M☉	6 ly
Luhman 16 LUH 16, Luhman–WISE 1, WISE J104915.57−531906.1, DENIS-P J104919.0−531910, 2MASS J10491891−5319100, IRAS Z10473-5303, AKARI J1049166−531907, GSC2.2 S11132026703, GSC2.3 S4BM006703	L7.5	0.03 M☉	6.5 ly
WISE 0855-0714 WISEA J085510.74-071442.5, WISE J085510.83-071442.5	Y2	0.01 M☉	7.3 ly
Wolf 359 CN Leonis, Gliese 406, GJ 406, G 045-020, LTT 12923, LFT 750, LHS 36, GCTP 2553	M6.5 Ve	0.11 M☉	7.9 ly
Lalande 21185 BD+36 2147, G 119-052, Gliese 411, GJ 411, HD 95735, HIP 54035, LFT 756, LHS 37, LTT 12960, MCC 594, PLX 2576, SAO 62377, NLTT 26105, NSV 18593	M2+V	0.46 M☉	8.3 ly
Sirius Dog Star, Aschere, Canicula, Al Shira, Sothis, Alhabor, Mrgavyadha, Lubdhaka, Tenrōsei, α Canis Majoris (α CMa), 9 Canis Majoris (9 CMa), HD 48915, HR 2491, BD−16°1591, GJ 244, LHS 219, ADS 5423, LTT 2638, HIP 32349, alf CMa	A0mA1 Va	2.1 M☉	8.7 ly
Luyten 726-8 Gliese 65, GJ 65, BL Ceti, UV Ceti, LHS 9, LHS 10, G 272-61, LUY 726, IDS 01340-1828, L 726-8, 2MASS J01390120-1757026, WISE J013903.93-175655.7	M5.5 V	0.12 M☉	8.9 ly
Ross 154 Gliese 729, GJ 729, V1216 Sgr, CD−23° 14742, GCTP 4338, HIP 92403, LHS 3414, V1216 Sagittarii, Ross 154	M3.5 V	0.17 M☉	9.7 ly
Ross 248 Gliese 905, GJ 905, HH Andromedae, HH And, 2MASS J23415498+4410407, G 171-010, GCTP 5736.00, LHS 549	M5.0V	0.14 M☉	10.3 ly
Epsilon Eridani Ran, Gliese 144, 18 Eridani, BD -09°697, GCTP 742.00, HD 22049, HIP 16537, HR 1084, LHS 1557, SAO 130564, WDS 03330-0928, eps Eri	K2 V	0.82 M☉	10.5 ly
Lacaille 9352 Gliese 887, GJ 887, HD 217987, CD -36°15693, GCTP 5584, LHS 70, SAO 214301, LTT 9348, LFT 1758, Cordoba 31353, NSV 14420, HIP 114046, UGPMF 591, CPC 18 11792, Ci 20 1400, HIC 114046	M1V	0.5 M☉	10.7 ly
Ross 128 FI Virginis, FI Vir, G 010-050, GCTP 2730, GJ 447, Gliese 447, HIC 57548, HIP 57548, LHS 315, Vyssotsky 286, LTT 13240, LFT 852, LSPM PM I11477+0048, 2MASS J11474440+0048164	M3V	0.17 M☉	11 ly
EZ Aquarii Luyten 789-6, Gliese 866, GJ 866, GCTP 5475.00, LHS 68, G 156-031, EZ Aqr, V* EZ Aqr	M5 V	0.11 M☉	11.1 ly
61 Cygni Gliese 820 A/B, Struve 2758, ADS 14636, V1803 Cygni, GCTP 5077.00, V1803 Cygni, HD 201091, HIP 104214, HR 8085, BD+38°4343, LHS 62, SAO 7091, 61 Cyg	K5 V	0.7 M☉	11.4 ly
Procyon Elgomaisa, Algomeysa, Antecanis, α Canis Minoris, Alpha Canis Minoris, 10 Canis Minoris, BD+05°1739, Gliese 280, GJ 280, HD 37279, HIC 30438, HIP 30438, HR 2943, SAO 115756, LHS 233, alf CMi	F5IV	1.5 M☉	11.5 ly
Struve 2398 Gliese 725, G 227-046, HD 173739, HIP 91768, LHS 58, Vyssotsky 184, ADS 11632, BD +59°1915, GCTP 4330.00 A/B	M3 V	0.33 M☉	11.5 ly
2MASS J1812-2608 2MASS J18121245-2608024, IRAS 18090-2608, TIC 264867486, OGLE BLG-LPV-225466, Gaia DR2 4064714550310189440	T	0.02 M☉	11.6 ly
Groombridge 34 GX Andromedae, V* GX And, BD+43° 44, GCTP 49, Gliese 15 A, GJ 15 A, Gl 15 A, G 171-047, HD 1326, HIP 1475, LHS 3, LTT 10108, SAO 36248	M2V	0.4 M☉	11.6 ly

Nom de l étoile

Mass

Distance

Sol

Sol, Helios, Slunce, Sun, Sonne, солнце, Soleil

G2V

1 M☉

0 ly

Alpha Centauri

Gliese 559, FK5 538, CD−60°5483, CCDM J14396-6050, GC 19728, α Cen A, Rigil Kentaurus, Rigil Kent, α1 Centauri, HR 5459, HD 128620, GCTP 3309.00, LHS 50, SAO 252838, HIP 71683, alf Cen A

G2V

1.1 M☉

4.4 ly

Barnard star

GCTP 4098.00, Gl 140-024, Gliese 699, GJ 699, HIC 87937, HIP 87937, LFT 1385, LHS 57, LTT 15309, Munich 15040, Proxima Ophiuchi, V2500 Ophiuchi, Velox Barnardi, Vyssotsky 799

M4 V

0.14 M☉

6 ly

Luhman 16

LUH 16, Luhman–WISE 1, WISE J104915.57−531906.1, DENIS-P J104919.0−531910, 2MASS J10491891−5319100, IRAS Z10473-5303, AKARI J1049166−531907, GSC2.2 S11132026703, GSC2.3 S4BM006703

L7.5

0.03 M☉

6.5 ly

WISE 0855-0714

WISEA J085510.74-071442.5, WISE J085510.83-071442.5

0.01 M☉

7.3 ly

Wolf 359

CN Leonis, Gliese 406, GJ 406, G 045-020, LTT 12923, LFT 750, LHS 36, GCTP 2553

M6.5 Ve

0.11 M☉

7.9 ly

Lalande 21185

BD+36 2147, G 119-052, Gliese 411, GJ 411, HD 95735, HIP 54035, LFT 756, LHS 37, LTT 12960, MCC 594, PLX 2576, SAO 62377, NLTT 26105, NSV 18593

M2+V

0.46 M☉

8.3 ly

Sirius

Dog Star, Aschere, Canicula, Al Shira, Sothis, Alhabor, Mrgavyadha, Lubdhaka, Tenrōsei, α Canis Majoris (α CMa), 9 Canis Majoris (9 CMa), HD 48915, HR 2491, BD−16°1591, GJ 244, LHS 219, ADS 5423, LTT 2638, HIP 32349, alf CMa

A0mA1 Va

2.1 M☉

8.7 ly

Luyten 726-8

Gliese 65, GJ 65, BL Ceti, UV Ceti, LHS 9, LHS 10, G 272-61, LUY 726, IDS 01340-1828, L 726-8, 2MASS J01390120-1757026, WISE J013903.93-175655.7

M5.5 V

0.12 M☉

8.9 ly

Ross 154

Gliese 729, GJ 729, V1216 Sgr, CD−23° 14742, GCTP 4338, HIP 92403, LHS 3414, V1216 Sagittarii, Ross 154

M3.5 V

0.17 M☉

9.7 ly

Ross 248

Gliese 905, GJ 905, HH Andromedae, HH And, 2MASS J23415498+4410407, G 171-010, GCTP 5736.00, LHS 549

M5.0V

0.14 M☉

10.3 ly

Epsilon Eridani

Ran, Gliese 144, 18 Eridani, BD -09°697, GCTP 742.00, HD 22049, HIP 16537, HR 1084, LHS 1557, SAO 130564, WDS 03330-0928, eps Eri

K2 V

0.82 M☉

10.5 ly

Lacaille 9352

Gliese 887, GJ 887, HD 217987, CD -36°15693, GCTP 5584, LHS 70, SAO 214301, LTT 9348, LFT 1758, Cordoba 31353, NSV 14420, HIP 114046, UGPMF 591, CPC 18 11792, Ci 20 1400, HIC 114046

M1V

0.5 M☉

10.7 ly

Ross 128

FI Virginis, FI Vir, G 010-050, GCTP 2730, GJ 447, Gliese 447, HIC 57548, HIP 57548, LHS 315, Vyssotsky 286, LTT 13240, LFT 852, LSPM PM I11477+0048, 2MASS J11474440+0048164

M3V

0.17 M☉

11 ly

EZ Aquarii

Luyten 789-6, Gliese 866, GJ 866, GCTP 5475.00, LHS 68, G 156-031, EZ Aqr, V* EZ Aqr

M5 V

0.11 M☉

11.1 ly

61 Cygni

Gliese 820 A/B, Struve 2758, ADS 14636, V1803 Cygni, GCTP 5077.00, V1803 Cygni, HD 201091, HIP 104214, HR 8085, BD+38°4343, LHS 62, SAO 7091, 61 Cyg

K5 V

0.7 M☉

11.4 ly

Procyon

Elgomaisa, Algomeysa, Antecanis, α Canis Minoris, Alpha Canis Minoris, 10 Canis Minoris, BD+05°1739, Gliese 280, GJ 280, HD 37279, HIC 30438, HIP 30438, HR 2943, SAO 115756, LHS 233, alf CMi

F5IV

1.5 M☉

11.5 ly

Struve 2398

Gliese 725, G 227-046, HD 173739, HIP 91768, LHS 58, Vyssotsky 184, ADS 11632, BD +59°1915, GCTP 4330.00 A/B

M3 V

0.33 M☉

11.5 ly

2MASS J1812-2608

2MASS J18121245-2608024, IRAS 18090-2608, TIC 264867486, OGLE BLG-LPV-225466, Gaia DR2 4064714550310189440

0.02 M☉

11.6 ly

Groombridge 34

GX Andromedae, V* GX And, BD+43° 44, GCTP 49, Gliese 15 A, GJ 15 A, Gl 15 A, G 171-047, HD 1326, HIP 1475, LHS 3, LTT 10108, SAO 36248

M2V

0.4 M☉

11.6 ly

Frequently Asked Questions about nearby stars

What is the nearest star?

Nearest star is Proxima Centauri, located approximately 4.24 light-years (1.30 parsecs) from the Sun. It is part of the Alpha Centauri star system, which also includes Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B.

What are the nearest stars to Earth?

Nearest stars to Earth include the Alpha Centauri system (Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B, and Proxima Centauri), Barnard's Star, and Wolf 359. There are also brown dwarfs Luhman 16 and WISE 0855−0714.

What is the solar neighborhood?

Solar neighborhood (also Local Interstellar Cloud) is the region of interstellar space that surrounds the Sun with diameter about 15 light years. Stellar Catalog database includes all stars contained within this region.

How do astronomers measure distances to stars?

Astronomers use methods like parallax, standard candles, and redshift to measure distances to stars. Parallax is especially useful for nearby stars in our solar neighborhood, while other techniques help map the universe beyond.

Are there any exoplanets orbiting the nearest stars?

Yes, several exoplanets have been discovered orbiting the nearest stars. For example, Proxima Centauri has an exoplanet called Proxima Centauri b, which is located in the star's habitable zone and is the closest known exoplanet to Earth.

Why are the nearest stars important for astronomy and physics?

The nearest stars provide valuable laboratories for studying stellar evolution, space environments, and the fundamental physics of stars. Observing these stars helps astronomers understand the structure of our galaxy and the broader universe.

Étoiles

Les étoiles sont d’immenses sphères de gaz chaud qui brillent en produisant de l’énergie grâce à la fusion nucléaire dans leur noyau. La plupart des étoiles sont composées principalement d’hydrogène et d’hélium. Au centre d’une étoile, la pression et la température élevées provoquent la fusion des atomes d’hydrogène en hélium, libérant ainsi une énorme quantité d’énergie sous forme de lumière et de chaleur.

More about Étoiles

Random terms

Position de la étoile Luminosité Température des étoiles Masse stellaire Taille de l´étoile L´âge des étoiles